RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan

COVER DEPAN Vol 31 No 2 Desember 2021

2022-01-06T16:24:58+07:00

Time Defendability of Ground Resistance Properties and Its Application of Vitric Tuff on the Development of Ground Enhancement Material

2021-12-30T11:26:52+07:00

Ground repair material is an essential part of the grounding system as a lightning rod to reduce the risk of lightning activity. Grounding repair materials consist of conductive and superconductive materials, commonly known as Ground Enhancement Materials (GEM). GEM has a low resistivity, very effectively supporting lightning shock energy to earth. Vitric tuff, a pyroclastic rock, is composed of an aluminosilicate (phyllosilicate) mineral group developed as a grounding improvement material. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the decrease in resistivity of vitric tuff in its development as a GEM. The research method consisted of field observations and laboratory experiments (treatment with chemical-physical activation and formulation with additives). The results showed that moisture content, SiO2/Al2O3 ratio (quartz and feldspar mineral/albite), clay mineral, crystal quality (impurities), carbon, and salt were influenced by vitric tuff resistivity. With the vitric tuff formulation and additives, the resistivity reduction is above 99%. Based on experiments, the best formulation of GEM made from tuff is 65% activated vitric tuff, 27% activated charcoal, 6% NaCl, and 2% Cement Material Cellulose. The formula produces a resistivity value of 0.0124 Ω-m, which is stable with time and meets GEM requirements (ρ ≤ 0.20 Ω-m).

Geothermal Reservoir Identification based on Gravity Data Analysis in Rajabasa Area- Lampung

2021-12-30T11:26:52+07:00

Gravity research in the Rajabasa geothermal prospect area was conducted to determine geothermal
reservoirs and faults as reservoir boundaries. The research includes spectrum analysis and separation of the Bouguer anomaly to obtain a residual Bouguer anomaly, gradient analysis using the second vertical derivative (SVD) technique to identify fault structures or lithological contact, and 3D inversion modeling of the residual Bouguer anomaly to obtain a 3D density distribution subsurface model. Analysis was performed based on all results with supplementary data from geology, geochemistry, micro-earthquake (MEQ) epicenter distribution map, and magnetotelluric (MT) inversion profiles. The study found 3 (three) geothermal reservoirs in Mount Balirang, west of Mount Rajabasa, and south of Pangkul Hot Spring, with a depth of around 1,000-1,500 m from the ground level. Fault structures and lithologies separate the three reservoirs. The location of the reservoir in the Balirang mountain area corresponds to the model data from MEQ, temperature, and magnetotelluric resistivity data. The heat source of the geothermal system is under Mount Rajabasa, which is indicated by the presence of high-density values (might be frozen residual magma), high-temperature values, and the high number of micro-earthquakes epicenters below the peak of Mount Rajabasa.

Coseismic and postseismic deformation from the 2007 Bengkulu earthquake based on GPS Data

2021-12-30T11:26:52+07:00

On September 12, 2007, a M8.5 megathrust earthquake occurred along the Sunda trench near Bengkulu, West Sumatra. GPS data in Sumatra have indicated the coseismic and postseismic deformations resulting from this earthquake. Our estimate of coseismic displacements suggests that the earthquake displaced up to ~1.8m at GPS stations located north of the epicenter. Moreover, our principal strain estimation in the region suggests that the maximum coseismic extensional strain is ~40 ppm. Our analysis of GPS data in the region suggests that the postseismic decay of the 2007 Bengkulu earthquake was 46 days, estimated using a logarithmic function.

Wireline logs vs drilling events: Which one to believe in implying subsurface pressure?

2021-12-30T11:26:52+07:00

As generally known, subsurface pressure can be implied using both wireline logs and drilling events. However, there may be a case where wireline logs and drilling events do not indicate the same subsurface pressure. Data from four vertical wells located in the South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia, were analyzed as a case study. Two wells, Wells A and D, encountered high overpressured zones, confirmed by drilling events and wireline logs data. The two others, Wells B and C, only encountered low overpressured zones, inferred by the relatively low mudweight used during the drilling. However, the wireline logs of Wells B and C show a reversal as Wells A and D. There are two hypotheses to explain the condition in Wells B and C. First, the wireline logs reversal is due to shallow carbonate cementation. Second, Wells B and C were drilled in an unintentional underbalanced condition. The method used includes XRD, SEM, and titration analysis. The results show that the first hypothesis is false, while the second is true. It may be due to some missing information related to drilling events in the final well report of Wells B and C.

Depositional Environmental Evolution of Nyalindung Formation based on Paleontology Molluscan Study, Ciodeng Area, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia

2021-12-30T11:26:52+07:00

This research was conducted to understand and identify changes in the depositional environment of the Nyalindung Formation in the Ciodeng area, Sukabumi, based on mollusk paleontology and lithological associations. Paleontological study of mollusks to interpret the depositional environment becomes important due to the scarcity or absence of foraminifera in mollusk bearing rocks. Foraminifera is commonly used to determine depositional environment. The results of this mollusk paleontology study and lithological associations show at least sixteen changes in depositional environment. The environmental changes range from rivers, mangroves, beaches, tidal areas, shallow marine nearby the coast, shallow open marine, and relatively deeper marine. The depositional environmental changes shown by this
section might be related to tectonic activity and global sea level fall that occurred since the early Late Miocene
to Pleistocene. The sedimentary units in this section are also characterized by predominant fluvial, mangroves, beach, and tidal in the upper layers.